Year: 2026 | Month: April-June | Volume: 11 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 119-127
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/gijhsr.20260215
Patient Safety Culture and Incident Reporting in a District Hospital, Indonesia: Nurses’ Perspectives
Vera Suryanti1, Hajjul Kamil2, Darmawati3
1Master of Nursing Program, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
2Department of Nursing Management, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
3Department of Maternity Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Corresponding Author: Hajjul Kamil
ABSTRACT
Background: Patient safety culture plays an important role in shaping incident reporting behavior. Incident reporting is a key component of efforts to improve the quality of healthcare services. However, its implementation remains suboptimal, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to identify the relationship between patient safety culture and incident reporting among nurses.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 328 nurses working in inpatient and intensive care units, with participants selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) version 2.0 questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and simple and multiple binary logistic regression analyses.
Results: Most respondents (65.5%) had not reported a patient safety incident in the previous 12 months. The average percentage of positive responses regarding patient safety culture was 40.4%, while the positive patient safety grade was 12.5%. All dimensions of patient safety culture were significantly associated with incident reporting (p < 0.05). The dimension most strongly associated with incident reporting was response to error (p = 0.013; aOR = 1.680; 95% CI = 1.113–2.537).
Conclusion: Patient safety culture is a key factor in patient safety incident reporting, particularly the response to the error dimension. Strengthening patient safety culture is essential to improving incident reporting practices and enhancing patient safety in hospitals.
Keywords: patient safety culture, incident reporting, nurses