Original Research Article
Year: 2017 | Month: October-December | Volume: 2 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 33-44
Pharmacological Investigation of Schwenckia americana L. (Solanaceae) on Pain, Behavior and Inflammation in Rodents
Nsonde Ntandou GF1,3, Makambila M.C.2, Banzouzi J.T.4, Ouamba JM4, Abena A.A1
1Laboratoire de Biochimie et Pharmacologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, Brazzaville, B.P. 69, Congo
2Institut National de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSSA), Cité Scientifique (Ex-ORSTOM) de Brazzaville, Route de l’Auberge de Gascogne, BP
3Laboratoire de Physiologie et Physiopathologie Animales, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Marien NGOUABI, Brazzaville, BP 69, Congo
4Unité de Chimie du Végétal et de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, B.P. 69, Congo
Corresponding author: Nsonde Ntandou GF
ABSTRACT
In order to verify the absence of Schwenckia americana extracts effect on motility and behavior in the rat, to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity, extracts sequentially prepared by maceration with DCM (SA1) , ethanol (SA2), distilled water (SA3) and the traditional extract (SA4) were the subject of an acute toxicity studied up to a dose of 3000 mg / kg. Their analgesic effect was studied on abdominal cramps induced by acetic acid in mice and on the rat paw pressure test. The anti-inflammatory activity was studied on the model of edema of the rat paw induced by carrageenan. The photoelectric actimeter and the rotating stem were used to evaluate the effects of these extracts on the general behavior in mice. SA2, SA3 and SA4 are not toxic up to a dose of 3000 mg / kg. Only the SA1 extract is toxic with an estimated LD 50 of 750 mg / kg. On abdominal cramps induced by acetic acid, extracts showed a strong and dose-dependent analgesic activity. The SA1 extract showed the most important activity, significant from 62.5 mg / kg. The mean activity was recorded with the SA4 extract, the effect of which is significant from the dose of 125 mg / kg (p <0.05). The SA2 and SA3 extracts were least active with a significant effect from the 250 mg / kg dose (p <0.05). This activity was confirmed on all extracts at 250 mg / kg, using the paw pressure test. Up to a dose of 250 mg / kg, these extracts do not significantly modify the motility, the equilibrium reflexes and coordination of mouse movements. Extracts SA1 and SA2 from Schwenckia americana showed an anti-inflammatory effect at 250 mg / kg between 1h and 2h after treatment. These analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties are due to its numerous secondary metabolites.
Key words: Schwenckia americana, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, motility, coordination, equilibration.