Original Research Article
Year: 2018 | Month: May | Volume: 3 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 33-49
Common Bacterial Pathogens and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns In Patients with Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infections at Hiwot-Fana and Jugal Hospitals, Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia
IbssaIbrahim Abdulahi1, Solomon Gebre-Selassie2
1Harari Regional Health Bureau,
2Addis Ababa University, School of Medicine, Ethiopia
Corresponding Author: IbssaIbrahim Abdulahi
ABSTRACT
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections encountered by clinicians particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. UTI is common in women and accounts for significant morbidity and health care costs. Escherichia coli is the primary urinary tract pathogen. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance with UTI is increasing worldwide and varies according to geographical and regional location.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of common bacterial uropathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern to commonly prescribed antibiotics and to identify associated risk factors.
Methods: Across-sectional study was conducted during November 2010 to January 2011 among 348 consented symptomatic UTI patients from both inpatient and outpatient departments of HiwotFana and Jugal Hospitals in Harar city. Clean catch mid-stream urine specimens were collected using sterile containers, cultured and processed following the standard bacteriological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility test for isolated organisms was done as per the standard disk diffusion method. Patient information was obtained using designed questionnaire.
Results: From the total of 348 symptomatic UTI patients, significant bacteriuria was detected in 88(25.3%) of patients samples, and a total of 97 different bacterial uropathogens were isolated making the isolation rate to be 27.9%. Majority of the isolates,77/97(79.4%) were Gram-negative organisms, while, E. coli was found to be the most frequent isolate (47/97, 48.5%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (15/97, 15.5%) and S. aureus 12/97 (12.4%). Significant bacteriuria was statistically associated with patient settings, previous history of hospitalization, diabetes and pregnancy. Overall multidrug resistance pattern was observed in 85.6% of the isolates. Only 4.1% of the isolates were sensitive to all antibiotics tested.
Conclusion: Single and multiple drug resistance to the commonly used antibiotics in the study area was found to be very high among the bacterial isolates leaving clinicians with a very few choices of drugs for the treatment of UTIs. Therefore, use of antimicrobialagents with in hospitals, public health care providers as well as private ones should be reviewed and further studies to explore the causes for increased resistance patterns and associated factors in the study area need to be carried out.
Key words: Antimicrobial susceptibility test, Culture, Significant bacteriuria, Urinary tract infection, Uropathogens.