Original Research Article
Year: 2019 | Month: July-September | Volume: 4 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 113-115
Prevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infections among Blood Donors: Five Years Retrospective Study from Rural Tertiary Care Hospital of South Karnataka
Madhura Talkad Lakshmikumar1, Shruthi Bettegowda2, Virendra Jayappa Gaddi3, Chaithra Hanumantharaya3
1Professor, 2Associate Professor, 32ndYear Resident
Department of Medicine, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Balagangadharanatha Nagar, Nagamangala, Mandya -571448, India.
Corresponding Author: Shruthi Bettegowda
ABSTRACT
Background: Blood transfusion is life saving intervention. Transfusion transmitted infections are one of the major side effects of blood transfusion, which can be prevented by proper screening of blood products and public awareness.The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence and trends of transfusion transmitted infections over 5 years among voluntary blood donors in a blood bank at a rural tertiary care hospital.
Method: Hospital records of all voluntary blood donors, who donated their blood in the blood bank from January 2014 to December 2018 was reviewed. In this retrospective study 9771 blood donor records were reviewed. Data was studied todetermineprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections among blood donors. Sera samples were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies to hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus 1and 2 using commercially availableEnzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay technique based kits. Rapid plasma regain test was carried out for screening of syphilis and rapid card test for malaria. Percentage of reactive samples for all three markers was calculated.
Result:Overall positivity for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus markers was 0.77 %.There was no cases of syphilis and malaria. Hepatitis B(0.55%) showed highest seroprevalence over 5 years among the three markers ,followed by human immunodeficiency virus (0.12%) and hepatitis C (0.10%).
Conclusion: Most common transfusion transmitted infections in blood donors was hepatitis B followed by human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C. Proper donor selection and sensitive screening tests are key steps in improving the blood safety.
Key words: Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Human immunodeficiency virus, Transfusion transmitted infections