Year: 2024 | Month: January-March | Volume: 9 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 97-104
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/gijhsr.20240110
Prevalence And Factors Associated with Anemia Among Adolescent in Jambi City Indonesia
Ruwayda1, Dzulfikar Djalil Lukmanul Hakim2, Edhyana Sahiratmadja3
1Midwifery Department, Ministry of Health Polytechnic Jambi, Indonesia
2Department of Pediatrics Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Corresponding Author: Ruwayda
ABSTRACT
The prevalence of anemia in developing countries varies between 20-70% of which about 30% affects adolescent and women of childbearing age. Supplementation of iron tablets at school, however the program is not always successful in increasing hemoglobin levels. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anemia in adolescent in Jambi, Indonesia. This study had a descriptive analytic design with a cross sectional approach. The respondents had received 52 iron tablets, according to the National Program. After 52 tablet, anemia was measured using finger prick test. Factors associated with anemia were explored, including physical activity, menstrual patterns, adherence to iron tablet consumption, teacher support, side effects, knowledge, consumption of protein sources of iron, consumption of enhancers and consumption of inhibitors using validated questionnaire, including The physical activity instrument used the Questionnaire of Baecke and the measurement of adherence to consuming iron tablets used the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Data was analysed using x2-test. In total, 260 students were included with the average age was 16-17 years SD±0.904) and the anemia was occurred in 78 (30 %) students. Only menstrual pattern was significantly associated with anemia (p 0.000, CI=2.825-8.798). There is a relationship between menstrual patterns with anemia in adolescents in Jambi, therefore, it is recommended to have regularly iron supplement during menstruation, as a consideration for iron supplement programs.
Keywords: Iron Deficiency Anemia, Iron Supplementation, Menstruation, Medication Adherence